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Below is a very interesting excerpt from what would otherwise be a rather obscure paper. It contains a list of species of varying complexity ranging from yeast to Labrador retrievers, and the associated longevity benefits each experienced as a result of 30-40% CR. There doesn't seem to be a correlation between longevity benefit and species complexity, which could be interpreted as hopeful news for human CRONies, since there has been concern that the benefits of CR may wane in species higher up the tree of life.

Hursting SD, Lavigne JA, Berrigan D, Donehower LA, Davis BJ, Phang JM,
Barrett JC,
Perkins SN.
Diet-gene interactions in p53-deficient mice: insulin-like growth factor-1
as a
mechanistic target.
J Nutr. 2004 Sep;134(9):2482S-2486S. Review.
PMID: 15333746

It seemed that an overlooked result that was the Table 1 showed possibly remarkable findings regarding how much CR increased the longevity of various species, some with mutations. There was an apparent lack of correlation for the evolutionary ladder positions of the species and their % longevity increased by CR. Therefore, does this data provide encouraging information regarding how long CRers will live?

The legend to the figure is:

FIGURE 1 Increased longevity associated with calorie restriction (CR) in
diverse model species, including p53 knockout mice (refs. 8-18 ). These studies involve 30-40% CR with 3 exceptions: 1) Yeast were reared on 2% vs. 0.5% Glucose media (Lin et al., 2002); 2) Worm data were obtained by comparing strains with genetic defects in feeding rate with control strains (Lakowski and Hekemi, 2000); 3) Zucker rats were restricted 18% relative to controls (Johnson et al., 1997).

There appears to be an error in the legend X-axis units. The % increase in longevity is only in the single digits. Assuming this error results in the
values being low by a factor of 10, the eye-ball-determined values for the various species for FIGURE 1 were:

Mutation/species % CR-increased longevity
..........................................
Drosphila 10
Labrador retriever 18
C. elegans 25
Yeast 27
C3B10RF1 mouse 28
Sprague Dawley rats 34
Hereford cow 35
p53^+/+ mouse 37
F344 rat 39
p53^-/- mouse 46
Zucker rat 47
Spider 53
Lep^Ob/Ob mouse 57

The references 8-18 for the sources from which the data was taken, and a
number of which references are -, are:

8. Cancer Res. 1997 Jul 15;57(14):2843-6.
Calorie restriction induces a p53-independent delay of spontaneous
carcinogenesis in
p53-deficient and wild-type mice.
Hursting SD, Perkins SN, Brown CC, Haines DC, Phang JM.
PMID: 9230186

9. - Nature. 2002 Jul 18;418(6895):344-8.
Calorie restriction extends Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan by increasing
respiration.
Lin SJ, Kaeberlein M, Andalis AA, Sturtz LA, Defossez PA, Culotta VC, Fink
GR,
Guarente L.
PMID: 12124627

10. - Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Oct;66(4):890-903.
Longevity in obese and lean male and female rats of the Zucker strain:
prevention of
hyperphagia.
Johnson PR, Stern JS, Horwitz BA, Harris RE Jr, Greene SF.
PMID: 9322565

11. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Oct 27;95(22):13091-6.
The genetics of caloric restriction in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Lakowski B, Hekimi S.
PMID: 9789046
http://www.pnas.org.qe2a-proxy.mun.ca/cgi/content/abstract/95/22/13091?ijkey
=739cfd5b03bb2b9a1c2cd1348cb71775e3941425&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
12. Clancy, D. J., Gems, D., Hafen, E., Leevers, S. J. & Partridge, L.
(2002)
Dietary restriction in long-lived dwarf flies.
Science 296:319-325.

13. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Mar;81(6):1835-8.
Effects of food restriction on aging: separation of food intake and
adiposity.
Harrison DE, Archer JR, Astle CM.
PMID: 6608731
http://www.pnas.org.qe2a-proxy.mun.ca/cgi/reprint/81/6/1835

14. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Mar;81(6):1835-8.
Effects of food restriction on aging: separation of food intake and
adiposity.
Harrison DE, Archer JR, Astle CM.
PMID: 6608731

15. J Nutr. 1986 Apr;116(4):641-54.
The retardation of aging in mice by dietary restriction: longevity, cancer,
immunity
and lifetime energy intake.
Weindruch R, Walford RL, Fligiel S, Guthrie D.
PMID: 3958810

16. J Gerontol. 1982 Mar;37(2):130-41.
Life span study of SPF Fischer 344 male rats fed ad libitum or restricted
diets:
longevity, growth, lean body mass and disease.
Yu BP, Masoro EJ, Murata I, Bertrand HA, Lynd FT.
PMID: 7056998

17. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002 May 1;220(9):1315-20.
Effects of diet restriction on life span and age-related changes in dogs.
Kealy RD, Lawler DF, Ballam JM, Mantz SL, Biery DN, Greeley EH, Lust G,
Segre M,
Smith GK, Stowe HD.
PMID: 11991408

18. J Anim Sci. 1972 Jun;34(6):1067-74. No abstract available
Lifetime effects of winter supplemental feed level and age at first
parturition on
range beef cows.
Pinney DO, Stephens DF, Pope LS.
PMID: 5027302