cron-web.org

[MR]

> From: A CRONie
> (1) shows CR increases the number of fat cells in the
> worst possible place - the deep abdominal compartment.
> To make the situation even worse after only a few
> weeks of CR enzymes recover that tend to make the fat
> cells grow in size.
>
> All this is probably not a problem if one stays on CR
> or does a lot of vigorous aerobic exercise since the
> total mass of the fat cells remains low. But, consider
> if they go off CR and/or reduce the amount of exercise
> they do. The cells would grow rapidly meaning a higher
> % of body fat.
>
> Particularly as he may
> have many more such cycles in his lifetime trending
> him towards what is called metabolic obesity which is
> being normal weight with the metabolic problems
> normally associated with obesity.
>

The solution is just to not go off of CR, of course. Many studies
suggest that cycling repeatedly on and off of CR nixes many of its
shorter-term benefits and may under some circumstances even make one
MORE vulnerable to carcinogenesis (see Archives).

Another CRONie wrote:

> Is there a benefit to taking out the subcutaneous fat
> with liposuction?... there
> don't seem to be studies of the health benefits from
> reduced abdominalsubcutaneous fat resulting from liposuction.

Hello, Archives --search them here:

http://lists.calorierestriction.org/

-MR

1. Metabolism. 2004 Jan;53(1):28-36
Effects of food restriction on peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and
glucocorticoid receptor signaling in adipose tissues
of normal rats.
PMID: 14681838

[MR]

A CRONie noted:
> Does this mean EOD feeding is not going on and off CR?

Yes -- it is not.

Another CRONie wrote:

> I've often wondered if CR rodents might not consume their reduced food
> supply in a compressed time frame relative to the AL controls, thus
> confounding the interpretation wrt to net caloric intake impact, as compared
> to "intra-day fasting", impact (if such a variable is significant).

Yes: CR animals will normally gorge on their food when it's presented,
while ALers will graze. Which naturally leads to:

>
> To speculate further, I often wonder if it's not best to eat one's allotted
> food in as few meals as possible, with the hope that "intra-day fasting" has
> benefits akin to EOD fasting.

Note, again, that it's not clear that there ARE any such benefits for
people on CR, and certainly not that EOD *without* CR overall is of any
benefit on long-term health & longevity. We have no long-term outcome
studies of such a protocol. One data point we do have: EOD WITH CR,
begun in adulthood, appears to actually be deleterious (4).

IAC, as has been posted many times before by [a particular CRONie] and myself: it's been
done. There are two studies ((1-3) below) specifically showing that
there is no LS difference, or even difference in the shape of the
survival curve, between animals on CR that gorge it all at once (as they
will if it's presented thus) and those given their food spread out into
portions thru'out the day.

These studies were a prominent component of these major posts:

http://lists.calorierestriction.org/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0305&L=crsociety&P=R14231
http://lists.calorierestriction.org/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0305&L=crsociety&P=R60780

(The same information was presented more clearly in this cleaned-up version:

http://mailman.aaas.org/mailman/private/sagemail/20030803.txt

registration with SAGE mail is free: you jut need to give them an
email address & make up a password).

... in which I conclude that there are no specific benefits to EOD and
few to intraday meal compression beyond a 5 h window, that are
independent of those of CR per se; also, check out some of the
*extensive* followup discussion to the CR Society posts proper, and this
SAGEMAIL comment from Richard Miller:

http://mailman.aaas.org/mailman/private/sagemail/20030501.txt
).

Folks: use the CR Society Archives!

> Once at some desirable weight, though, can one binge one day and restrict
> the next?

... no such thing; CR is not about weight ... at some desirable OVERALL
CALORIC INTAKE, it likely makes no difference.

-MR

1: Masoro EJ, Shimokawa I, Higami Y, McMahan CA, Yu BP. Temporal pattern
of food intake not a factor in the retardation of aging processes by
dietary restriction. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1995
Jan;50A(1):B48-53. PMID: 7814779; UI: 95114284

2: Nelson W. Food restriction, circadian disorder and longevity of rats
and mice. J Nutr. 1988 Mar;118(3):286-9. Review. PMID: 3280755; UI: 88171757

3: Nelson W, Halberg F. Meal-timing, circadian rhythms and life span of
mice. J Nutr. 1986 Nov;116(11):2244-53. PMID: 3794831; UI: 87085847


4. Goodrick CL, Ingram DK, Reynolds MA, Freeman JR, Cider N. Effects
of intermittent feeding upon body weight and lifespan in inbred
mice: interaction of genotype and age.
Mech Ageing Dev. 1990 Jul;55(1):69-87.
PMID: 2402168 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]